Source assertions are not new attribution claims. No sole inventor or transitive actor-CVE inference.
{
  "record": {
    "id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
    "title": "Mshta",
    "type": "Subtechnique",
    "source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/005",
    "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "status": "active",
    "rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
    "review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
    "stix_id": "attack-pattern--840a987a-99bd-4a80-a5c9-0cb2baa6cade",
    "external_id": "T1218.005",
    "domain": "enterprise",
    "created": "2020-01-23T19:32:49.557Z",
    "modified": "2026-05-12T15:12:00.676Z",
    "version": "3.0",
    "aliases": [

    ],
    "tactics": [
      "stealth"
    ],
    "source_references": [
      {
        "source_name": "FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA",
        "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/cve-2017-0199-hta-handler.html"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 April 2017",
        "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/fin7-phishing-lnk.html"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Airbus Security Kovter Analysis",
        "url": "https://airbus-cyber-security.com/fileless-malware-behavioural-analysis-kovter-persistence/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Cylance Dust Storm",
        "url": "https://s7d2.scene7.com/is/content/cylance/prod/cylance-web/en-us/resources/knowledge-center/resource-library/reports/Op_Dust_Storm_Report.pdf"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "LOLBAS Mshta",
        "url": "https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Mshta/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux",
        "url": "https://www.redcanary.com/blog/microsoft-html-application-hta-abuse-part-deux/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "MSDN HTML Applications",
        "url": "https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ms536471.aspx"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Wikipedia HTML Application",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_Application"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assertions": [
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0c29bffb-78c0-43c0-8b99-f5155bfa0432",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "predicate": "subtechnique-of",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0c29bffb-78c0-43c0-8b99-f5155bfa0432",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.920Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0ecbbfa3-6b81-4cf7-9033-373ebbc2832f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0121",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0ecbbfa3-6b81-4cf7-9033-373ebbc2832f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:51.684Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Rewterz Sidewinder APT April 2020",
          "url": "https://www.rewterz.com/threats/sidewinder-apt-group-campaign-analysis"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Rewterz Sidewinder COVID-19 June 2020",
          "url": "https://www.rewterz.com/articles/analysis-on-sidewinder-apt-group-covid-19"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--12c617b6-9c95-46fd-a3ef-845be82ac237",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0032",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--12c617b6-9c95-46fd-a3ef-845be82ac237",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:46.436Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Lazarus APT January 2022",
          "url": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-intelligence/2022/01/north-koreas-lazarus-apt-leverages-windows-update-client-github-in-latest-campaign/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Qualys LolZarus",
          "url": "https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/02/08/lolzarus-lazarus-group-incorporating-lolbins-into-campaigns"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1567d198-b2b9-4eda-a2e2-ba5dd4e51547",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0250",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1567d198-b2b9-4eda-a2e2-ba5dd4e51547",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.933Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "MalwareBytes LazyScripter Feb 2021",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211003035156/https://www.malwarebytes.com/resources/files/2021/02/lazyscripter.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Github Koadic",
          "url": "https://github.com/offsecginger/koadic"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1837a0e7-d8aa-4c96-8213-7d08ceb86390",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1038",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1837a0e7-d8aa-4c96-8213-7d08ceb86390",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.937Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft WDAC",
          "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/security/threat-protection/windows-defender-application-control/microsoft-recommended-block-rules"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1923bc58-a830-457d-810f-27091e032f46",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0069",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1923bc58-a830-457d-810f-27091e032f46",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:29.644Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye MuddyWater Mar 2018",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/03/iranian-threat-group-updates-ttps-in-spear-phishing-campaign.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Securelist MuddyWater Oct 2018",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/muddywater/88059/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2ed3ed76-7ebe-4371-a7e9-cc5a45ace915",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0341",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2ed3ed76-7ebe-4371-a7e9-cc5a45ace915",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.968Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 Xbash Sept 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/09/unit42-xbash-combines-botnet-ransomware-coinmining-worm-targets-linux-windows/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--36838da3-5543-4998-b125-0a50d31d288e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0129",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--36838da3-5543-4998-b125-0a50d31d288e",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:51.984Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Secureworks BRONZE PRESIDENT December 2019",
          "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/bronze-president-targets-ngos"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3759c775-300f-4981-9264-722ecf97aa64",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0414",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3759c775-300f-4981-9264-722ecf97aa64",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.995Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CISA AA20-301A Kimsuky",
          "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-301a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3766cf55-568a-410f-8968-7a4adac96f77",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0140",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3766cf55-568a-410f-8968-7a4adac96f77",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:13.241Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "MalwareBytes LazyScripter Feb 2021",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211003035156/https://www.malwarebytes.com/resources/files/2021/02/lazyscripter.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3cd0e385-3c60-4742-b3a6-c07dbf10ba45",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0223",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3cd0e385-3c60-4742-b3a6-c07dbf10ba45",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.008Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye MuddyWater Mar 2018",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/03/iranian-threat-group-updates-ttps-in-spear-phishing-campaign.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4bd79a52-d28c-4880-9f10-dda500ac40c9",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1018",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4bd79a52-d28c-4880-9f10-dda500ac40c9",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:55.240Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cisco Operation Layover September 2021",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/operation-layover-how-we-tracked-attack/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5a9ef207-3a5b-47c0-9ffb-938966295700",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1213",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5a9ef207-3a5b-47c0-9ffb-938966295700",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.049Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Netskope LummaStealer 2025",
          "url": "https://www.netskope.com/blog/lumma-stealer-fake-captchas-new-techniques-to-evade-detection"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Qualys LummaStealer 2024",
          "url": "https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2024/10/20/unmasking-lumma-stealer-analyzing-deceptive-tactics-with-fake-captcha"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6f6b7e76-fed9-4827-a038-52948105db3d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0082",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6f6b7e76-fed9-4827-a038-52948105db3d",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:23.219Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "1 - appv",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/bluenoroff-methods-bypass-motw/108383/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7643698c-2dc4-43ca-9d90-c656962dfecb",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0455",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7643698c-2dc4-43ca-9d90-c656962dfecb",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.087Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye Metamorfo Apr 2018",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/04/metamorfo-campaign-targeting-brazilian-users.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--864fdbd1-99fe-4036-a296-241c53337d85",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0100",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--864fdbd1-99fe-4036-a296-241c53337d85",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:25.225Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Kaspersky Cloud Atlas August 2019",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/recent-cloud-atlas-activity/92016/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--90f03f42-a2f1-4fab-8a10-ebbbbc4fba19",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0094",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--90f03f42-a2f1-4fab-8a10-ebbbbc4fba19",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:25.144Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "EST Kimsuky April 2019",
          "url": "https://blog.alyac.co.kr/2234"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "CISA AA20-301A Kimsuky",
          "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-301a"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020",
          "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "KISA Operation Muzabi",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220328121326/https://boho.or.kr/filedownload.do?attach_file_seq=2695&attach_file_id=EpF2695.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Aryaka Kimsuky July 2025",
          "url": "https://www.aryaka.com/docs/reports/aryaka-kimsuky-apt-operational-blueprint.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--98afbb05-d48e-4438-add6-df3ea9fb568c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1042",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--98afbb05-d48e-4438-add6-df3ea9fb568c",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.133Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--9e77b81d-6298-4233-8baa-f419031a9d64",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0046",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--9e77b81d-6298-4233-8baa-f419031a9d64",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:32.104Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 April 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/fin7-phishing-lnk.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--9f99cba5-2fb2-4750-aca4-3d4a0a872685",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0379",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--9f99cba5-2fb2-4750-aca4-3d4a0a872685",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.142Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cofense RevengeRAT Feb 2019",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200428173819/https://cofense.com/upgrades-delivery-support-infrastructure-revenge-rat-malware-bigger-threat/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a3627d9d-1c78-4b10-8b1c-3183a939862b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1006",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a3627d9d-1c78-4b10-8b1c-3183a939862b",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:48.302Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "TrendMicro EarthLusca 2022",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/content/dam/trendmicro/global/en/research/22/a/earth-lusca-employs-sophisticated-infrastructure-varied-tools-and-techniques/technical-brief-delving-deep-an-analysis-of-earth-lusca-operations.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a7f5320a-dd76-4fa0-998f-44860ff1b307",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0050",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a7f5320a-dd76-4fa0-998f-44860ff1b307",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:45.206Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cybereason Oceanlotus May 2017",
          "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/operation-cobalt-kitty-apt"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017",
          "url": "https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/3354902/Cybereason%20Labs%20Analysis%20Operation%20Cobalt%20Kitty.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--aaca809f-576c-4875-a09d-5a46a5e5e422",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0228",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--aaca809f-576c-4875-a09d-5a46a5e5e422",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.157Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "fsecure NanHaiShu July 2016",
          "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/nanhaishu_whitepaper.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--acd4b81e-6bef-4ac0-bf4b-2428b5c9c6b9",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0589",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--acd4b81e-6bef-4ac0-bf4b-2428b5c9c6b9",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.160Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "MSTIC NOBELIUM Mar 2021",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b00d5e69-736f-47b9-befd-f5593550ad11",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0016",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b00d5e69-736f-47b9-befd-f5593550ad11",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:14.772Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cylance Dust Storm",
          "url": "https://s7d2.scene7.com/is/content/cylance/prod/cylance-web/en-us/resources/knowledge-center/resource-library/reports/Op_Dust_Storm_Report.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b8fdee05-cbe2-43b1-a224-e4b019017c3e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0016",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b8fdee05-cbe2-43b1-a224-e4b019017c3e",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:08.830Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET T3 Threat Report 2021",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/eset_threat_report_t32021.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bcb09da2-4ef9-4739-b36d-96c9c62ec4e2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0142",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bcb09da2-4ef9-4739-b36d-96c9c62ec4e2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:37.643Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "TrendMicro Confucius APT Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/18/b/deciphering-confucius-cyberespionage-operations.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--cc6ec5e1-19ac-44b5-9056-79893cef3a15",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1155",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--cc6ec5e1-19ac-44b5-9056-79893cef3a15",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.205Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Github Covenant",
          "url": "https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d4e67bb3-dcb2-4427-a48e-d8b4bcc35afa",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0147",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d4e67bb3-dcb2-4427-a48e-d8b4bcc35afa",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.216Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Shuckworm January 2022",
          "url": "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-gamaredon-espionage-ukraine"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--df33a65c-1529-4f8d-a27b-0d00f540e6e6",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0127",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--df33a65c-1529-4f8d-a27b-0d00f540e6e6",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:10.466Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 TA551 Jan 2021",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ta551-shathak-icedid/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ebfa4596-86bb-4a7f-a6f5-11a5642b31fd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1008",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ebfa4596-86bb-4a7f-a6f5-11a5642b31fd",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:37.030Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "MalwareBytes SideCopy Dec 2021",
          "url": "https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2021/12/sidecopy-apt-connecting-lures-to-victims-payloads-to-infrastructure"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f76be4ac-f342-4904-b50d-06e28b878011",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0047",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f76be4ac-f342-4904-b50d-06e28b878011",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:48.215Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Gamaredon Sept2024",
          "url": "https://web-assets.esetstatic.com/wls/en/papers/white-papers/cyberespionage-gamaredon-way.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Shuckworm January 2022",
          "url": "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-gamaredon-espionage-ukraine"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "SymantecCarbonBlack_ShuckwormUSB_Apr2025",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-ukraine-gammasteel"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "unit42_gamaredon_dec2022",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/trident-ursa/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ff9fad0d-7481-4804-a4e8-800265a5c17d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0015",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ff9fad0d-7481-4804-a4e8-800265a5c17d",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:25.894Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "DFIR Conti Bazar Nov 2021",
          "url": "https://thedfirreport.com/2021/11/29/continuing-the-bazar-ransomware-story/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    }
  ],
  "source_snapshot": {
    "file": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "sha256": "81113ba98afa2928f3dcff62022539f7ce30c315c32e14422f11ff95ce534352",
    "bytes": 55271014,
    "checked_at": "2026-10-16T03:31:39Z"
  },
  "notices_url": "https://aol.pm/source-notices.txt",
  "notices": "License\n-------\nThe MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,\ndevelopment, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce\nMITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.\n\n\"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation.\"\n\nDisclaimers\n-----------\nMITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part\nof its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover\nfull categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or\nvariations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.\n\nALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE\nORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,\nAGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT\nTHE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
}

License
-------
The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,
development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce
MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation."

Disclaimers
-----------
MITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part
of its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover
full categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or
variations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.

ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE
ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT
THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.