Multi-factor Authentication
Mitigation · ATTACK:enterprise:M1032
Attributed source ↗ · Plaintext record · Complete record and assertions JSON
Inspect structured metadata and provenance
{
"id": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1032",
"title": "Multi-factor Authentication",
"type": "Mitigation",
"source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032",
"snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
"status": "active",
"rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
"review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
"stix_id": "course-of-action--b045d015-6bed-4490-bd38-56b41ece59a0",
"external_id": "M1032",
"domain": "enterprise",
"created": "2019-06-10T20:53:36.319Z",
"modified": "2025-05-09T15:48:18.053Z",
"version": "1.1",
"aliases": [
],
"tactics": [
],
"source_references": [
]
}Explicit source assertions (48)
First 80 shown here; the complete set is in this record’s JSON and plaintext. Each relationship retains its source and locator. No inferred relationships are added.
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--04f19ae7-931f-4798-a609-4b64aced1da3
Expel IO Evil in AWSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1040
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--0ccddf91-2cf3-4801-a10b-ca4d253f2c8c
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1136.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--1e4070de-5bae-4900-a3a8-907190f34dd4
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1669
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--1f110a49-63e2-4b73-b109-59694b419072
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--22501b39-e106-4a7f-b915-013c30f47af8
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--2686dfb7-60ab-424c-add2-2f164a98cfa4
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1213
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--2bd8bb5f-6210-4460-84c4-b7fab86e08a2
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1599
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--3541e998-a3ac-42d7-8a66-f66da6f9162a
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1114
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--3709ccc2-2370-4dc9-92ac-792867bbdea4
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1621
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--3a907723-bc0a-4a35-a9fc-dd45ad7752a8
MFA Fatigue Attacks - PortSwiggerATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1078.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--3e2212a9-9347-46ac-ae96-04e558973779
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1601
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--441e6528-4342-4387-848b-febb051e05f7
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1078.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--45912a00-141c-45ec-afb6-2ac272764c14
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1136.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--4e949816-0200-45ed-b0c6-27afce63fd17
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1136.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--509555cb-1a35-4e09-bc6e-a2c9c521f827
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1078.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--528d581d-aa34-4162-a773-6b329c3af4cb
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098.005
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--56f2efc6-fb22-47f9-a86f-db5c69224936
CISA MFA PrintNightmare · Mandiant APT29 Microsoft 365 2022 · Microsoft - Device RegistrationATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1110.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--64201f56-d678-4ed2-b759-c78bf9e4d82a
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1078.004
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--68ad793a-2678-4537-8480-8086fd4d757e
AWS - IAM Console Best PracticesATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1601.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--6e32fdd0-c094-405e-8246-7502c9aedb68
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--74e433ec-0c52-42f2-b0d4-3e1f3a56b419
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.007
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--77a73e89-d4b6-47c7-8676-8208c3797680
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1021.004
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--77c5bb7d-9584-4d57-850b-6349984181a8
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1539
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--7a1cf82e-68e5-49ca-89ae-e492cd85dab4
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1599.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--7b6a48c0-9bcc-47d2-976a-e7dbaa00f4bc
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--7dfb4403-9368-4fed-aac0-a968e7761c4a
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1110.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--7fad18cd-28b4-47b4-8b38-f8beaf1120ad
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1114.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--854e11fd-f29e-4b7e-a3c2-f4c8c9ee302f
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1199
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--884c3843-5065-4919-ad6e-0f77130b4d36
Microsoft Nobelium Admin PrivilegesATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1021.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--96014091-aba9-4b8f-ac6a-6cdeb593cf30
Berkley SecureATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1078
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--98167cc6-96de-4f02-83b1-78d7633c4106
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1136
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--a3012b2b-b19c-46fc-944c-d04d9c4b897b
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--acd4512e-3ef7-4c33-9fc1-c3829efebe60
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1485
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--ad410271-db42-45b4-a5a5-6133bba495ce
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098.006
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--af3fe271-9d63-447d-bd88-f5f0b41a43c2
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1021.007
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--c4e70046-dbed-4e21-8a00-37bbb6de5bc4
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1072
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--c869db21-9c91-4449-b316-408bcab56e1b
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1110
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--cb87a0ce-0976-49e5-8e9c-2c908a24b30f
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1110.004
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--ce2f8c4d-43f0-459e-a579-1faf28e4bca6
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1110.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--dc1b1842-ce36-46ec-83d5-66292d65c463
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1021
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--df529a76-525d-4a35-a9d2-48ec41f71459
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1133
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--e23d57b4-5bc4-4d06-9084-9c99464c4af8
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1098.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--e65ad45a-4862-4455-8d3c-454eb78deaeb
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.006
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--eb985609-6a5f-4e44-9bae-bfbc1e93d978
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1530
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--ee3162ad-e88e-401c-9fdf-e7f0784141a4
Amazon S3 Security, 2019ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1601.001
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--f1d0e2ed-3d68-4606-8a1c-3a78f9b55afe
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACSATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1213.003
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--f8878fab-91a9-49d2-b985-fefa10e22ade
ATTACK:enterprise:M1032 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.004
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--fa8d6c79-557f-44e1-a27b-55f87b2c8084
Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - TACACS