Email Spoofing
Subtechnique · ATTACK:enterprise:T1684.002
Attributed source ↗ · Plaintext record · Complete record and assertions JSON
Inspect structured metadata and provenance
{
"id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1684.002",
"title": "Email Spoofing",
"type": "Subtechnique",
"source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/002",
"snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
"status": "active",
"rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
"review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
"stix_id": "attack-pattern--fcf5bccf-be7a-48ff-b7a7-8d6019279301",
"external_id": "T1684.002",
"domain": "enterprise",
"created": "2026-04-14T22:54:01.539Z",
"modified": "2026-05-12T15:12:00.726Z",
"version": "1.0",
"aliases": [
],
"tactics": [
"stealth"
],
"source_references": [
{
"source_name": "Cloudflare DMARC, DKIM, and SPF",
"url": "https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/email-security/dmarc-dkim-spf/"
},
{
"source_name": "DMARC-overview",
"url": "https://dmarc.org/overview"
},
{
"source_name": "ic3-dprk",
"url": "https://www.ic3.gov/CSA/2024/240502.pdf"
},
{
"source_name": "Proofpoint TA427 April 2024",
"url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/social-engineering-dmarc-abuse-ta427s-art-information-gathering"
},
{
"source_name": "Proofpoint-DMARC",
"url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-reference/dmarc"
},
{
"source_name": "Barnea DirectSend",
"url": "https://www.varonis.com/blog/direct-send-exploit"
}
]
}Explicit source assertions (2)
First 80 shown here; the complete set is in this record’s JSON and plaintext. Each relationship retains its source and locator. No inferred relationships are added.
ATTACK:enterprise:T1684.002 → subtechnique-of → ATTACK:enterprise:T1684
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--577e6f9a-e9f6-4f40-a18f-6a70b7783f63
ATTACK:enterprise:M1054 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1684.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--5819aaec-f717-4a6e-8e06-bcd94a6e637b
ACSC Email Spoofing · Microsoft Anti Spoofing